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720. Wishes may be divided into two classes: (a) those referring to a future object, and (b) those referring to a present or past object which (it is implied) is not or was not attained. To the former class belong such wishes as O that he may come! or O that this may happen!—Utinam veniat, Utinam fiat; and to the latter, such as O that this had happened! or O that this were true!—Utinam hoc factum esset, Utinam hoc verum esset.

From its use in wishes the optative mood (ἔγκλισις εὐκτική) received its name.

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