6.
εἰς ὄγκον δὲ τῆς λέξεως συμβάλλεται τάδε, τὸ λόγῳ χρῆσθαι ἀντ᾽ ὀνόματος, οἷον μὴ κύκλον, ἀλλ᾽ ἐπίπεδον τὸ ἐκ τοῦ μέσου ἴσον: εἰς δὲ συντομίαν τὸ ἐναντίον, ἀντὶ τοῦ λόγου ὄνομα.
[2]
καὶ ἐὰν αἰσχρὸν ἢ ἀπρεπές, ἐὰν μὲν ἐν τῷ
λόγῳ ᾖ τὸ αἰσχρόν, τοὔνομα λέγειν, ἐὰν δ᾽ ἐν τῷ ὀνόματι, τὸν λόγον.
[3]
καὶ μεταφορᾷ δηλοῦν καὶ τοῖς ἐπιθέτοις, εὐλαβούμενον τὸ ποιητικόν.
[4]
καὶ τὸ ἓν πολλὰ ποιεῖν, ὅπερ οἱ ποιηταὶ ποιοῦσιν: ἑνὸς ὄντος λιμένος ὅμως λέγουσι “λιμένας εἰς Ἀχαϊκούς
”
καὶ “δέλτου μὲν αἵδε πολύθυροι διαπτυχαί.
” Eur. IT 727
[5]
καὶ μὴ ἐπιζευγνύναι, ἀλλ᾽ ἑκατέρῳ ἑκάτερον, “τῆς γυναικὸς τῆς ἡμετέρας”: ἐὰν δὲ συντόμως, τοὐναντίον, “τῆς ἡμετέρας γυναικός”.
[6]
καὶ μετὰ συνδέσμου λέγειν: ἐὰν δὲ συντόμως, ἄνευ μὲν συνδέσμου, μὴ ἀσύνδετα δέ,
οἷον “πορευθεὶς καὶ διαλεχθείς”, “πορευθεὶς διελέχθην”.
[7]
καὶ τὸ Ἀντιμάχου χρήσιμον, ἐξ ὧν μὴ ἔχει λέγειν, ὃ ἐκεῖνος ποιεῖ ἐπὶ τοῦ Τευμησσοῦ, “ἔστι τις ἠνεμόεις ὀλίγος λόφος:
” αὔξεται γὰρ οὕτως εἰς ἄπειρον. ἔστι δὲ τοῦτο καὶ ἐπὶ
ἀγαθῶν καὶ κακῶν, ὅπως οὐκ ἔχει, ὁποτέρως ἂν ᾖ χρήσιμον, ὅθεν καὶ τὰ ὀνόματα οἱ ποιηταὶ φέρουσιν, τὸ ἄχορδον καὶ τὸ ἄλυρον μέλος: ἐκ τῶν στερήσεων γὰρ ἐπιφέρουσιν: εὐδοκιμεῖ γὰρ τοῦτο ἐν ταῖς μεταφοραῖς λεγόμενον ταῖς ἀνάλογον, οἷον τὸ φάναι τὴν σάλπιγγα ἱέναι μέλος ἄλυρον.
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Ars Rhetorica. Aristotle. W. D. Ross. Oxford. Clarendon Press. 1959.
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