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καί: either a reference back to the Greeks gathered at Thermopylae (vii. 202, 207) or = ‘actually’ (i. 75. 6) present, as opposed to the reserves mustering at Pogon (ch. 42).

Ἀφέτας: cf. vii. 193. 2 n.

παρὰ δόξαν ... ὡς ... κατεδόκεον: i. e. they expected few had survived the storm; cf. vii. 192. 2. For the phrase cf. i. 79. 2.

The idea that the Greek fleet repeatedly meditated flight from Artemisium (vii. 183, 192; viii. 4, 9) is contradicted by their bravery in the actual fighting. No doubt the Peloponnesian sailors may have grumbled, but Eurybiades could not leave Leonidas in the lurch. Cf. App. XX, § 6; Grundy, p. 329; Munro, J. H. S. xxii. 311.

Ἑλλάδα: in the narrow sense; cf. vii. 176. 2 n.

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