William Watson Goodwin, Commentary on Demosthenes: On the Crown

2. ὑμεῖς: cf. παρ᾽ ὑμῶν τῶν πρεσ- βυτέρων, XX. 52.—Λακεδαιμονίους, obj. of ἀνελεῖν (5), διεκωλύσατε having τοὺς Θηβαίους, or perhaps simply τὸ πρᾶγμα, understood as its object. From the position of Λακ. we should expect it to belong to the leading verb.

4. κρατήσαντες ἐν Λεύκτροις: the “Leuctric insolence” of Thebes (Diod. XVI. 58), which made her rather than Sparta the natural enemy of Athens from 371 to 339 B.C., was notorious. See §§ 18.6 and 36.2. In 370 Epaminondas with a Theban army invaded Laconia and marched up to the city of Sparta itself; but he did not venture to enter the unwalled town and withdrew into Arcadia. At this time he established Messene and Megalopolis, to hold Sparta in check. In this trying emergency, Sparta humiliated herself so far as to ask help from her old enemy, Athens. Her request was granted, and Iphicrates was sent into Peloponnesus to the aid of Sparta with 12,000 Athenians in the spring of 369 B.C. This saved Sparta from another invasion at this time. The alliance then formed remained unbroken, though sometimes strained, until after the battle of Mantinea in 362 B.C., in which Athens fought on the side of Sparta.

7. ὑπὲρ οἷα πεπ.ἀνθρώπων, i.e. what the men had done for whom.